Mitochondrial DNA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mitochondrial DNA - Essay ExampleThis is accomplished in earthly concern by the sequencing one or more of the hypervariable control portions (HVR1 or HVR2) of the mitochondrial DNA (Schwartz & Vissing 2002).Mitochondrial evening is referred to as an source who has been hypothesized on the grounds of fossil as well as DNA evidence (Vigilant et al. 1991). Phylogenies are constructed on mtDNA comparison shown that the living military man whose mitochondrial lineages branched earliest from the tree are endemic Africans, while the lineages of indigenous peoples on otherwise continents all branch off from African lines (Vigilant et al. 1991). Researchers can reason that all humans descend from Africa and then they migrated out of Africa to populate the rest of the world. If the mitochondrial analysis is accurate, then mitochondrial Eve represents the origin of the mitochondrial family tree. Eve must have predated the mass departure and lived in Africa (Vigilant et al. 1991). Mitocho ndrial Eve was the most recent matrilineal antecedent of humans alive today. On the other hand, as evident lineages died out, the status of common matrilineal rootage would have been passed to a descendant of the previous matrilineal ancestor. ... The nucleotide sequence of the hypervariable 1 (HV-1) region of mtDNA was intractable from samples of all four groups. There were 275 HV-1 sequences, and a total of 164 haplotypes were detect (Jackson et al.). Jackson reveals that through analysis of molecular inconsistency indicated that the distribution of these haplotypes within the Limba sample was considerably different from the other ethnic groups. He nurture states that there was no significant difference between the other groups (Jackson et al.). These distinguishing results show genetic differences that can be observed within different ethnic groups in considerably close proximity of each other. Moreover, Jackson, and his group, observed some mtDNA haplotypes that were simil ar among the Sierra Leone ethnic groups and that have not been published in any other West African studies (Jackson et al.). As a result, there may be evidence for mtDNA lineages that are alone(p) to this region of Western Africa. The methods of sampling were cheek swabs, using the BuccalAmp DNA Extraction kit according to the manufacturers specifications, which were winning from 166 unrelated individuals from all four ethnic groups Mende, Temne, Loko, and Limba (Jackson et al.). These samples were obtained in pre-arranged meetings and males were primarily observed. This was because matrilineal and lineal studies were conducted (Jackson et al.). Matrilineal and patrilineal ethnic lineages over three generations were recorded for each individual. The mtDNA haplotypes were determined by analyzing the nucleotide sequence of the hypervariable region (HV-I). HV1 sequences were allied and edited from positions 16001-16480 to ensure the identification of unambiguous polymorphisms (Jacks on et al.). 480 bases of HV-I