Windows NT :: essays research papers

Windows NTOnce a small and simple collection of computers bear by the Defence Department,is now a massive world wide network of computers, what we call the cyberspace.The word "Internet" literally means "network of networks." In itself, theInternet is composed of thousands of smaller local networks scattered throughoutthe globe. It connects roughly 15 million users in more than 50 countries a day.The World extensive Web (WWW) is mostly used on the Internet. The Web refers to abody of information, while the Internet refers to the physical side of theglobal network containing a salient amount of cables and computers.The Internet is a packet-switching computer network. When a person sends amessage over the Internet, it is broken into tiny pieces, called packets.These packets travel over many diametric routes between the computer that it isbeing sent from to the computer to which it is being sent to. Phone lines,either fibre-optics or copper wires ones, carry most o f the data packets.Internet computers along the path switch each packet that will take it to its finishing, but no two packets need to follow the same path. The Internet isdesigned so that packets always take the best available route at the time theyare travelling. Routers which are boxes of circuit boards and microchips,which do the essential task of tell and redirecting packets along thenetwork. Much smaller boxes of circuit boards and microchips called modemsdo the task of interpreting between the phone lines and the computer. Thepackets are all switched into a destination and reassembled by the destinationcomputer. Todays Internet contains enough repetitious and interconnectedcircuits simply to reroute the data if any portion of the network goes down orgets overloaded.The packet-switching nature of the Internet gives it sufficient swiftness andflexibility to support real-time communication, such as sending messages toother people in a chat environment (IRC). Every packet is w rite in aparticular protocol language, called TCP/IP, which stands for TransmissionControl Protocol/Internetworking Protocol. This protocol is the common languageof the Internet, and it supports two major programs called File ecstasyProtocol (FTP) and Telenet. FTP lets the transfer files from one Internetcomputer to another. Telnet lets a person to log into a remote computer. Theyhave combined these two tools in complex ways to create the Internet tools suchas Gopher, the World Wide Web and IRC.Some collections of phone lines and routers are larger and more potent thanothers. Spirit and MCI both have each built collections of phone lines androuters that crisscross the United States and can carry large amounts of data.